See other feudal lords of the Zhou period. At the begin of Western Zhou (Xizhou) 西周, King Zhou Wuwang 周武王 enfeoffed one of his most important generals, Jiang Ziya (also called General High-father, Shi Shangfu 師尚父 or Lü Wang 呂望) with the quite remote dukedom of Qi in modern Shandong province. Duke Huan 齊桓公 in the 7th century should become one of the most important rulers of his time, as a hegemon (ba 霸) defending the states of the Yellow River plain against intruding "barbarian" tribes like Rong 戎, Di 狄, Xu 徐, and Chu 楚, creating alliances (meng 盟) and organizing meetings (hui 會) of different states of the Spring and Autumn (Chunqiu) 春秋 period. The state of Qi had intensive relationships with the neighboring state of Lu 魯 and used to arrange intermarriages. Internal quarrels and fights for power among the sideline nobility lead to the weakening of the house of Jiang. From 384 BC the house of Tian 田 replaced the Jiang family. Duke Huangong (2) 齊桓公 established one of the first state academies (xuegong 學宮) of China to attract scholars. King Weiwang's 齊威王 advisor Zou Ji 鄒忌 reformed tax system and military to strengthen the central state. During the Warring States (Zhanguo) 戰國 period Qi was a powerful state that often defeated Chu 楚 and Qin 秦. In 288 the kings of Qi and Qin called themselves Emperors of the East (Dongdi 東帝) resp. the West, but soon refrained from this title. In 284 Qi was heavily defeated by a coalition of other states but regained its authority with the help of general Tian Ji 田忌 until it was swallowed by the armies of Qin in 221. The name of Qi was later used for two dynasties (Southern Qi, Northern Qi) and for princedoms in the area of modern Shandong. Rulers of Qi 齊 Capital: Linzi 臨湽 (modern Linzi/Shandong; old Yingqiu 營丘) dynastic title See also titles of rulers. personal name time Qi Taigong 齊太公 (I) Jiang Shang 姜尚 or Wang 望, called Shang Fu (Shangfu) 尚父 General of King Zhou Wuwang 周武王; clan Wanglü 望呂, his ancestors purportedly were assistants of Yu the Great 大禹. Qi Dinggong 齊丁公 Jiang Ji 姜伋 Qi Yigong 齊乙公 Jiang De 姜得 Qi Guigong 齊癸公 Jiang Cimu 姜慈母 Qi Aigong 齊哀公 Jiang Buchen 姜不辰 Qi Hugong 齊胡公 Jiang Jing 姜靜 Qi Xiangong 齊獻公 Jiang Shan 姜山 Qi Wugong 齊武公 Jiang Shou 姜壽 851-825 Qi Ligong 齊厲公 Jiang Wuji 姜無忌 824-816 Qi Wengong 齊文公 Jiang Chi 姜赤 815-804 Qi Chenggong 齊成公 Jiang Yue 姜說 803-795 Qi Zhuanggong 齊莊公 (I) Jiang Gou 姜購 794-731 Qi Xigong 齊釐公 or 僖公 Jiang Lufu 姜祿父 730-698 Qi Xianggong 齊襄公 Jiang Zhuer 姜諸兒 697-686 Qi Huangong 齊桓公 (I) Jiang Xiaobai 姜小白 685-643 Qi Xiaogong 齊孝公 Jiang Zhao 姜昭 642-633 Qi Zhaogong 齊昭公 Jiang Pan 姜潘 632-613 Qi Yigong 齊懿公 Jiang Shangren 姜商人 612-609 Qi Huigong 齊惠公 Jiang Yuan 姜元 608-599 Qi Qinggong 齊頃公 Jiang Wuye 姜無野 598-582 Qi Linggong 齊靈公 Jiang Huan 姜環 581-554 Qi Zhuanggong 齊莊公 (II) Jiang Guang 姜光 553-548 Qi Jinggong 齊景公 Jiang Chujiu 姜杵臼 547-490 Yan the Kid, Ruler of Qi 齊晏孺子 Jiang Tu 姜荼 489 Qi Daogong 齊悼公 Jiang Yangsheng 姜陽生 488-485 Qi Jiangong 齊簡公 Jiang Ren 姜壬 484-482 Qi Pinggong 齊平公 Jiang Ao 姜驁 481-456 Qi Xuangong 齊宣公 Jiang Ji 姜積 455-405 Qi Kangong 齊康公 Jiang Dai 姜貸 Usurper: Qi Taigong 齊太公 (II), Tian He 田和 404-384 Qi Huangong 齊桓公 (II) Tian Wu 田午 384-379 Qi Weiwang 齊威王 Tian Yinqi 田因齊 378-343 Qi Xuanwang 齊宣王 Tian Biqiang 田辟疆 342-324 Qi Minwang 齊湣王 Tian Di 田地 323-284 Qi Xiangwang 齊襄王 Tian Fazhang 田法章 283-265 Jian, King of Qi 齊王建 Tian Jian 田建 264-221 221 Qi conquered by Qin 秦.

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