An old general term for nomadic tribes of the northwestern territories, or the western tribes of the „four barbarians“, roaming the area of modern Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia. The mightiest tribes of the Rong were Yunrong 允戎, Jiangrong 姜戎 (identical to the Qiang 羌?), and Quanrong 犬戎. The Xuanyuan 玁狁 (獫狁) conquered the Zhou 周 capital, caused the flight of the Zhou kings to the east, and thereby introduced the Eastern Zhou period. During the following centuries, the Rong tribes – ethnologically not definable – occupied the attentiveness of the feudal states in the west, especially that of Qin 秦 and Jin 晉. The Northern Rong (Beirong 北戎) and Mountain Rong (Shanrong 山戎) roamed in the region of modern Hebei and Liaoning, the Jiangrong and Luhun Rong 陸渾戎 originally dwelt in modern Gansu region and later moved to the east, into modern Henan where the Yangju Rong 揚拒戎, Quangao Rong 泉皋戎 and Yiluo Rong 伊洛戎 had dwelt since long. Rong tribes even dwelt near the capital the state of Wei 衛. Jin had to oppose permanent raids of the Northern Rong during the early Spring and Autumn perioda 春秋. Some scholars suppose that the permanent challenge of the Western Rong nomad warriors supported the military strength of Qin that should later subdue all other states. The belligerent character of the Rong resulted in the use of the word rong 戎 as a general word for „war“.