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City-States along the Silk Road

Oct 16, 2011 © Ulrich Theobald

Northern route (Xiyu beilu 西域北道)

Yumen Pass 玉門關
Loulan 樓蘭
Moshan 墨山 (Shanguo 山國)
Huhu 狐胡
Weixu 危須
Quli 渠犁 (Korla, Ch. Ku'erle 庫爾勒)
Weili 尉犁 (Karakum)
Yanqi 焉耆 (Karašahr)
Wulei 烏壘 (Yengisar)
Qiuci 龜茲 (Kuča, Ch. Kuche 庫車)
Gumo 姑墨 (Aksu)
Wensu 溫宿 (Uš, Ch. Wushi 烏什)
Weitou 尉頭
Shule 疏勒 (Kašgar)

Southern route (Xiyu nandao 西域南道)

Shanshan 鄯善
Ruoqiang 若羌
Qiemo 且末 (Čerčen)
Xiaowan 小宛
Jingjue 精絕
Ronglu 戎盧
Yumi 扜彌
Qule 渠勒
Yutian 于闐 (Hetian 和田, Khotan)
Pishan 皮山 (Guma)
Shache 莎車 (Yarkant)

New northern route (xin beilu 新北路)

Yiwu 伊吾 (Hami 哈密, Tang-period Yizhou 伊州)
Gaochang 高昌 (Turfan, Ch, Tulufan 吐魯番, Tang-period Xizhou 西州)
Cheshi 車師 (or Gushi 姑師)
Jie
Qiemi 且彌
Beilu 卑陸
Yizhi 移支
Pulei 蒲類
Danhuan 單桓
Yulishi 郁立師
Wutanzili 烏貪訾離
Suiye 碎葉
Beiting 北庭 (Jimusa'er 吉木薩爾)
Luntai 輪臺
Map 1. Interactive Map of the City States along the Silk Road
Weixu Yanqi Weili Quli Wulei Qiuci Gumo Wensu Weitou Shule Shanguo Loulan Shanshan Ruoqiang Qiemo Xiaowan Jingjue Yumi Ronglu Yutian Pishan Shache Kangju Xiye and Zihe Puli Yinai Wulei Juandu Dayuan Wusun Xiongnu"" Cheshi Tubo (Tibet) Han China Qule Deruo Wutuo Nandou Taohuai Xiuxun Wutanzili Danhuan Qiemi Jie Beilu Yulishi Yizhi Pulei Huhu Dunhuang
Click on the names to learn more about individual city states. Map, reflecting the situation during the Han period, according to Tan 1982, Vol. 2, 37-38, 65-55.