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Shanshui Chunquan ji 山水純全集

Mar 8, 2023 © Ulrich Theobald

Shanshui Chunquan ji 山水純全集 "Master Chunquan's collection on landscape [painting]" is a book on landscape painting written during the Northern Song period by Han Zhuo 韓拙 (c. 1100), courtesy name Chunquan 純全, style Qintang 琴堂, from Nanyang 南陽 (today Hebei province). He held several offices in the imperial collection of paintings.

The afterword of Zhang Huai 張懷 says that Han Zhuo was widely travelling through Song China to collect information on famous landscapes and to obtain impressions. His short book of 9 chapters discusses the painting of mountains, waters, forests and trees, stones, clouds, mist, fog and rain, persons, buildings and vehicles, the use of brush and ink to bring the right "energy and rhythm" (qi yun 氣韻) into the painting, and rules for rating the quality of paintings, and it closes with some words on older books on painting.

Han points at modes of measuring the dimensions of mountains and trees, and hold that there were strict orders as to the hierarchy (zhuke zunbei 主客尊卑) of mountains in a landscape, as well as a defined succession of light and shadow (yinyang nishun 陰陽逆順). But other elements of landscape had their own rules as well. Water, for instance, had a certain depth and velocity, while trees and other plants changed with the influence of seasons.

The author also discusses some theories in older writings, like Guo Si's 郭思 (c. 1100) Linquan gaozhi 林泉高致. His book is included in the series Hanhai 函海, Wangshi shuhua yuan 王氏書畫苑, Duhuazhai congshu 讀畫齋叢書, Shuofu 說郛, Siku quanshu 四庫全書 and Meishu congshu 美術叢書.

Sources:
Cai Han 蔡罕 (2003). "Shanshui Chunquan ji yu han Zhuo de shanshuihua lilun 《山水純全集》與韓拙的山水畫理論", Meishu guancha 美術觀察, 2003 (3): 90-92+94.
Li Xueqin 李學勤, Lü Wenyu 呂文郁, eds. (1996). Siku da cidian 四庫大辭典 (Changchun: Jilin daxue chubanshe), Vol. 2, 1803.
Li Yanting 李豔婷 (2014). "Cong Shanshui Chunquan ji kann Han Zhuo shanshui chuangzuo bimo guan 從《山水純全集》看韓拙山水畫創作筆墨觀", Yishu tansuo 藝術探索, 2014 (1): 58-59+5.
Liang Yan 梁燕 (2012). "Gefa bei yu qiyun zisheng: Han Zhuo Shanshui Chunquan ji quanshi 格法備而氣韻自生——韓拙《山水純全集》詮釋", Zhongguo shuhua 中國書畫, 2012 (8): 68-71.
Pu Songnian 薄松年 (1992). "Shanshui Chunquan ji 山水純全集", in Zhongguo da baike quanshu 中國大百科全書, part Meishu 美術 (Beijing/Shanghai: Zhongguo da baike quanshu chubanshe), Vol. 2, 709.
Sun Xiaoli 孫小力 (1996). "Shanshui Chunquan ji 山水純全集", in Zhou Gucheng 周谷城, ed. Zhongguo xueshu mingzhu tiyao 中國學術名著提要, Vol. Yishu 藝術卷 (Shanghai: Fudan daxue chubanshe), 657.
Tao Mingjun 陶明君, ed. (1993). Zhongguo hualun cidian 中國畫論辭典 (Changsha: Hunan chubanshe), 291.
Yan Chengli 顏成麗 (2017). "Han Zhou Shanshui Chunquan ji zhi li 韓拙《山水純全集》之“理”", Shuhua shijie 書畫世界, 2017 (3): 80-81.
Zhao Lizhong 趙力忠 (1993). "Shanshui Chunquan ji 山水純全集", in Ru Xin 汝信, ed. Shijie baike zhuzuo cidian 世界百科著作辭典 (Beijing: Zhongguo gongren chubanshe), 357.