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Xiao Zhaowen 蕭昭文, the Prince of Hailing 海陵

Jun 5, 2025 © Ulrich Theobald

Xiao Zhaowen 蕭昭文 (480-494), courtesy name Jishang 季尚, was an emperor (r. 494) of the Southern Qi dynasty 南齊 (479-502), one of the Southern Dynasties 南朝 (420-589). He was a grandson of Emperor Wu 齊武帝 (r. 482-493), a son of Prince Xiao Changwen 蕭長懋 (458-493), and a younger brother of Emperor Xiao Zhaoye 蕭昭業 (r. 493-494).

He was originally Duke of Linru 臨汝公, and was in 493 invested as Prince of Xin'an 新安. In summer 494, the regent Xiao Luan 蕭鸞 and eventual Emperor Ming, fearing for his life, had the negligent, irresponsible and choleric emperor Xiao Zhaoye killed, and enthroned Xiao Zhaowen. The reign motto was changed to Yanxing 延興.

Xiao Luan, continuing as regent, was given the titles of General-in-chief of Cavalry (piaoji da jiangjun 驃騎大將軍), Commander Unequalled in Honours (kaifu yitong sansi 開府儀同三司), Overseer of the Imperial Secretariat (lu shangshu shi 錄尚書事), and Area Commander-in-Chief (dudu 都督) and regional inspector (cishi 刺史) of the province of Yangzhou 揚州. He was also invested as Prince of Xuancheng 宣城. Xiao Zhaowen was as uninterested in governance as his older brother was and did only act on the regent's request. Historians tell the story that Xiao Zhaowen enjoyed eating fish, but without Xiao Luan's permission, he was not allowed to eat it. Such was the situation when Xiao Luan decided to depose Xiao Zhaowen and demoted him to the status of Prince of Hailing 海陵. The regent thereupon assumed the title of emperor and had Xiao Zhaowen killed. Zhaowen's posthumous title was Prince Gong of Hailing 海陵恭王.

Xiao Luan thereupon took over the throne. He is known as Emperor Ming 齊明帝 (r. 494-498).

Sources:
Chen Quanli 陳全力, and Hou Xinyi 侯欣一, eds. 1988. Diwang cidian 帝王辭典, 96. Xi'an: Shaanxi renmin jiaoyu chubanshe.
Xiong Tiejin 熊鐵基, and Yang Youli 楊有禮, eds. 1994. Zhongguo diwang zaixiang cidian 中國帝王宰相辭典, 218. Wuhan: Hubei jiaoyu chubanshe.