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Yang Quanqi 楊佺期

May 24, 2025 © Ulrich Theobald

Yang Quanqi 楊佺期 (d. 399) was a general of the late Eastern Jin period 東晉 (317-420). He hailed from Huayin 華陰 in the commandery of Hongnong 弘農 (present-day Huayin City 華陰, Shaanxi) and was a descendant of the notable Later-Han-period 後漢 (25-220 CE) official Yang Zhen 楊震 (54-127 CE).

He joined the military at a young age and served in a military command. During the rule of Emperor Cheng 晉成帝 (r. 325-342), he led troops stationed at Chenggu 成固. After defeating a general under Fu Jian 苻堅 (r. 351-354), the ruler of the Former Qin empire 前秦 (351-394), he was appointed General of Expansive Might (guangwei jiangjun 廣威將軍) and governor (taishou 太守) of the commandery of Henan 河南, tasked with defending Luoyang 洛陽.

Later, he led his forces westward to Tong Pass 潼關, securing repeated victories. He captured over 900 households and returned east to Luoyang. In recognition of his achievements, he was promoted to General of the Soaring Dragon (longxiang jiangjun 龍驤將軍).

Due to illness, he was reassigned as governor of Xinye 新野, and was later transferred to serve as governor of Tangyi 唐邑, and commander of the forces at Shitou 石頭 (modern-day Nanjing 南京, Jiangsu). He eventually resigned due to illness.

Yang was later recruited by Yin Zhongkan 殷仲堪 (d. 399), the regional inspector (cishi 刺史) of the province of Jingzhou 荊州. He succeeded Jiang Ji 江績 (338-401) as princely administrator (xiang 相) of the commandery of Nanjun 南郡, and was then elevated to regional inspector of Yongzhou 雍州, and Area Commander-in-Chief (dudu 都督) in Liangzhou 梁州, Yongzhou 雍州, and Qinzhou 秦州.

In 399, while battling Huan Xuan 桓玄 (369-404), the rebellious regional inspector of Guangzhou 廣州, he suffered a defeat. Fleeing alone on horseback to Xiangyang 襄陽, he was pursued and killed.

Sources:
Huang Huixian 黃惠賢, ed. 1997. Ershiwushi renming da cidian 二十五史人名大辭典, vol. 1, 155. Zhengzhou: Zhongzhou guji chubanshe.
Ji Qianyun 冀遷運, and Zhu Zhenghao 朱正浩, eds. 1996. Shaanxi gudai mingren cidian 陜西古代名人辭典, 65. Xi’an: Shaanxi renmin chubanshe.
Yang Qingwang 楊慶旺, and Ha Hua 哈鏵, eds. 1987. Zhongguo junshi zhishi cidian 中國軍事知識辭典, 401. Beijing: Huaxia chubanshe.
Shaanxi baike quanshu bianweihui 《陜西百科全書》編委會, ed. 1992. Shaanxi baike quanshu 陜西百科全書, 762. Xi’an: Shaanxi renmin jiaoyu chubanshe.
Zhang Huizhi 張撝之, Shen Qiwei 沈起煒, and Liu Dezhong 劉德重, eds. 1999. Zhongguo lidai renming da cidian 中國歷代人名大辭典, vol. 1, 874. Shanghai: Shanghai guji chubanshe.